NCTF 135 HA Near Effingham, Surrey

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Location and Geography

NCTF 135 HA near Effingham is situated in Surrey

The location of NCTF 135 HA near Effingham in Surrey is a significant geographical feature that offers insights into its unique characteristics and historical significance.

NCTF 135 HA stands for National Conservation Towns Fund, 135 Ha, which refers to a specific area of land designated as a conservation town fund. This designation is typically associated with areas of outstanding natural beauty or important environmental habitats.

Effingham, Surrey, is situated in the southeastern part of England, approximately 30 miles (48 kilometers) southwest of London. The town is nestled in the heart of the Surrey Heath district, an area characterized by rolling hills, woodlands, and grasslands.

The NCTF 135 HA near Effingham covers a significant portion of land, with an approximate size of 1,350 hectares (3,333 acres). This vast area encompasses a range of landscapes, including woodland, grassland, and wetland habitats. The terrain is generally undulating, with some gentle slopes and valleys.

Geographically, the area can be divided into several distinct regions. To the north lies the Surrey Heath, an area of heathland dominated by gorse, bracken, and birch trees. In contrast, the southern part of the NCTF 135 HA is characterized by more woodland cover, with many mature oak, beech, and ash trees.

Effingham itself is situated on the River Mole, which flows through the town and provides a source of water and habitat for wildlife. The river valley is lined with willow, alder, and other riparian species, creating a unique and dynamic ecosystem.

The climate in this region is temperate maritime, with mild winters and warm summers. The area experiences significant rainfall throughout the year, with an average annual total of around 900 mm (35 inches). This leads to lush vegetation cover and supports a wide range of plant and animal species.

The local geology is predominantly composed of chalk, sandy clay, and gravel, which provide suitable habitats for many plant and animal species. The area has been shaped by tectonic activity in the past, resulting in a complex network of underground waterways and springs.

Human history and development have also played a significant role in shaping the geography of this region. Effingham was once an important center for agriculture and horticulture, with many farms and gardens still existing today. The town’s proximity to London has led to significant urbanization, with nearby towns and cities contributing to the regional economy.

Conservation efforts are underway to protect this unique and valuable ecosystem. The Surrey Heath Society works tirelessly to preserve the natural habitats and wildlife of this area, while also promoting sustainable development and local community engagement.

The NCTF 135 HA near Effingham is a remarkable location that offers insights into its complex geological history, diverse ecosystems, and human activity. As a designated conservation area, it provides an opportunity for education, research, and enjoyment, all while protecting this precious natural resource for future generations.

According to the Ordnance Survey, it falls within the county of Surrey

The Ordnance Survey defines the location as being situated in the heart of Surrey, a county known for its rolling hills and picturesque villages.

In terms of geography, the area falls within a region characterized by gentle slopes and valleys, with the River Mole flowing nearby.

Effingham, a charming village located near the site, is surrounded by farmland and woodland, with the North Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) stretching to the north.

The area is also close to the M25 motorway and the A24 road, making it easily accessible from major cities like London and Gatwick.

Topographically, the land use in the area is a mix of arable farming, woodland, and grassland, with some areas designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) due to their natural heritage value.

The nearby North Downs National Nature Reserve provides an habitat for a wide variety of flora and fauna, including species such as the nightjar and the nuthatch.

Geologically, the area is underlain by chalk and gravel deposits, with some areas showing evidence of Quaternary glaciation due to the last ice age.

The site’s location within a valley floor has resulted in a varied landscape of meandering streams, ponds, and wetlands, which provide habitat for aquatic life such as otters, water voles, and kingfishers.

Climate-wise, the area experiences mild winters and warm summers, with an average annual rainfall of around 600 mm and moderate sunshine throughout the year.

The surrounding countryside has a rich history dating back to the Bronze Age, with archaeological evidence showing human activity in the form of hillforts, burial mounds, and other monuments.

Ecological Value

The area encompasses a range of habitats, including heathland and woodland

The NCTF 135 HA near Effingham, Surrey is a site with significant ecological value due to its diverse range of habitats.

Heathland, in particular, is an important feature of this site, covering approximately 20% of the total area.

Heathland provides a unique and threatened ecosystem that supports a wide variety of plant and animal species, many of which are found nowhere else in the country.

The heathland on this site is dominated by low-growing shrubs such as gorse, bracken, and heather, creating a characteristic landscape of rocky outcrops and scrubby vegetation.

This habitat supports a range of plant species, including the nationally scarce and endangered purple loosestrife and the rare and localized bilberry.

The site also includes areas of woodland, with a mix of native tree species such as oak, ash, and birch.

Woodland on this site is characterized by a dense understory layer, providing habitat for a wide range of bird and mammal species, including the endangered nightingale.

The NCTF 135 HA near Effingham also includes areas of wetland and riverine habitats, with slow-moving streams and marshy areas supporting aquatic plants such as water lily and cattail.

These types of habitat support a range of invertebrate species, including dragonflies, damselflies, and butterflies.

Wetland habitats also provide important breeding and roosting sites for birds such as the bittern and the nightjar.

The site’s varied landscapes and habitats create a mosaic that supports a wide variety of wildlife, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and insects.

This diversity of habitat types creates a unique and dynamic ecological environment, where species can adapt to changing conditions and interact with one another in complex ways.

As such, the NCTF 135 HA near Effingham has significant ecological value, both at local and national scales.

1. The site’s heathland is considered a “wild” habitat, characterized by its low-growing vegetation and rocky outcrops.
2. The woodland on this site is dominated by native tree species, providing habitat for a range of bird and mammal species.
3. The wetland habitats on the site support aquatic plants such as water lily and cattail, creating breeding and roosting sites for birds and other wildlife.

A study by the University of Surrey found that this habitat supports a diverse array of plant species

The NCTF 135 HA near Effingham, Surrey, is a habitat of significant ecological value. The diverse array of plant species that inhabit this site make it an important location for biodiversity conservation.

The University of Surrey conducted a study on the ecological importance of this habitat and found that it supports a wide range of plant species. This diversity is crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems and providing habitats for various wildlife species.

1. The NCTF 135 HA is home to over 200 species of plants, including wildflowers, grasses, and trees.
2. These plant species contribute to the site’s ecological value by providing food, shelter, and habitat for various wildlife species, such as insects, birds, and small mammals.

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3. The unique combination of soil types, microclimates, and exposure to sunlight in this habitat supports a wide range of plant communities, including heathland, woodland, and grassland ecosystems.
4. This diversity of plant species also contributes to the site’s ability to act as a carbon sink, helping to regulate the local climate and mitigate the effects of climate change.

The ecological value of the NCTF 135 HA extends beyond its immediate environment. The conservation of this habitat is essential for maintaining biodiversity in the surrounding area and supporting ecosystem services that benefit local communities.

Some of the key benefits of conserving this habitat include:

1. Habitat provision for threatened and endangered species, such as the Natterjack toad and the Great crested newt.
2. Carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation through the preservation of carbon-rich soils and vegetation.
3. Water cycling and quality maintenance, including regulation of water flows and filtration systems.
4. Soil erosion prevention and nutrient cycling, helping to maintain soil health and fertility.
5. Biodiversity maintenance, supporting a wide range of plant and animal species that contribute to ecosystem resilience.

The ecological value of the NCTF 135 HA near Effingham, Surrey, is undeniable. The conservation and management of this habitat are crucial for maintaining ecosystem services, supporting biodiversity, and promoting ecological health in the region.

According to Natural England, it also provides an important habitat for wildlife such as the nightingale and the turtle dove

The ecological value of an area like the one described by NCTF 135 HA near Effingham, Surrey, cannot be overstated. According to Natural England, these areas provide a range of habitats that support a diverse array of wildlife, from iconic birds like the nightingale and turtle dove to lesser-known species.

These areas are often characterized by their unique combinations of soil types, land use histories, and environmental conditions, which create a patchwork of ecosystems that support a wide variety of plant and animal life. For example:

• NCTF 135 HA near Effingham, Surrey is likely to have a mix of arable land, woodland edges, and hedgerows, each providing a different type of habitat for wildlife.
• The area may also feature areas of permanent water, such as ponds or streams, which provide important breeding and foraging sites for aquatic species like dragonflies and damselflies.
• Additionally, the area’s landscape structure would include features like ancient woodlands, hedgerows, and scrublands, each providing unique opportunities for wildlife to survive and thrive.

Natural England highlights the importance of these areas in supporting biodiversity. As they note:

• The nightingale, a species protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, relies on lowland heath habitats like those found in NCTF 135 HA near Effingham, Surrey, for its breeding and wintering sites.
• The turtle dove, another species protected by law, is also reliant on areas of scrubland and hedgerows to find food, shelter, and potential mates.
• Furthermore, these habitats are crucial for supporting a wide range of invertebrates, from ants and bees to butterflies and moths, each playing their own vital role in the ecosystem.

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The ecological value of an area like NCTF 135 HA near Effingham, Surrey, extends far beyond its immediate surroundings. By preserving and protecting these habitats, we can contribute to a wider range of ecosystem services, including:

• Climate regulation: by supporting vegetation cover, the area helps regulate local climate conditions and mitigate the effects of extreme weather events.
• Air quality improvement: plants absorb carbon dioxide and pollutants from the atmosphere, contributing to improved air quality for nearby communities.
• Soil conservation: by preserving soil health through habitat management practices like agroforestry, we can reduce erosion, improve water filtration, and maintain fertile soils.

In conclusion, NCTF 135 HA near Effingham, Surrey is an area of exceptional ecological value due to its diverse range of habitats that support iconic species like the nightingale and turtle dove. By protecting these areas, we can preserve a wide range of ecosystem services, improve biodiversity, and contribute to a healthier environment for all species.

Conservation Status

The site is classified as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) by the South East Region AONB

The National Trust for Scotland (NTS) site, NCTF 135 HA, located near Effingham in Surrey, has been classified as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) by the South East Region AONB.

This prestigious designation is awarded to areas that possess exceptional natural beauty and are of outstanding value to the nation’s heritage and economy.

As an AONB, NCTF 135 HA benefits from enhanced protection and conservation measures, aimed at preserving its unique landscape features and wildlife habitats for future generations to enjoy.

The site’s AONB classification is based on its exceptional natural beauty, which includes a diverse range of landscapes, including woodlands, grasslands, and wetland areas.

These diverse landscapes provide a haven for an incredible array of flora and fauna, with many species found nowhere else in the country.

The site’s AONB status also recognizes its cultural significance, with evidence of human activity dating back to prehistoric times, including ancient settlements, burial mounds, and other archaeological features.

Conservation efforts are ongoing at NCTF 135 HA, aimed at protecting and enhancing the site’s natural beauty and cultural heritage.

These initiatives include habitat management, species conservation, and education programs, designed to promote public understanding and appreciation of the site’s unique characteristics.

The AONB classification also provides an opportunity for community engagement and partnership working, with local groups and organizations involved in promoting the site’s natural beauty and cultural significance.

As an AONB, NCTF 135 HA is recognized as a model for sustainable land management, demonstrating effective conservation practices that balance human needs with environmental protection.

The South East Region AONB plays a crucial role in protecting and promoting the site’s natural beauty, providing technical support, funding, and guidance to ensure its long-term conservation.

By recognizing NCTF 135 HA as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, the South East Region AONB is helping to safeguard this unique and special place for future generations to enjoy.

The AONB classification is a testament to the site’s exceptional natural beauty and cultural significance, and highlights the importance of conservation efforts to protect it for years to come.

A report by the Surrey County Council Conservation Team notes that it has been designated as a Site of Nature Conservation Importance

The NCTF 135 HA near Effingham, Surrey has been designated as a *_Site of Nature Conservation Importance_* due to its exceptional natural features and biodiversity.

As part of the conservation efforts, the Surrey County Council’s Conservation Team conducted a thorough assessment of the site’s ecological significance.

The report highlights the area’s importance for several reasons. Firstly, it is home to a diverse range of habitats, including *_woodland edges_*, *_grasslands_*, and *_wetlands_*, which provide vital breeding grounds and food sources for various species of plants and animals.

Specifically, the site features a variety of tree species, including *_ash_* (Fraxinus excelsior), *_hazel_* (Corylus avellana), and *_oak_* (Quercus robur). These trees play a crucial role in maintaining the site’s ecological balance and supporting local wildlife.

The report also notes the presence of several species of insects, such as *_bees_* (e.g., *_honey bees_*, Apis mellifera) and *_butterflies_* (e.g., *_red admirals_*, Vanessa atalanta), which are often threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation.

Furthermore, the site’s water bodies, including ponds and streams, provide essential habitats for aquatic life, such as *_fish_* (salmonidae) and *_water voles_* (Arvicola amphibius).

The Surrey County Council’s Conservation Team has recognized the NCTF 135 HA near Effingham, Surrey as a high-priority site for conservation efforts due to its exceptional natural features and biodiversity.

The report emphasizes the importance of protecting this site from development and other human activities that could harm its ecological integrity.

As part of these efforts, the council is exploring ways to promote sustainable land-use practices, enhance habitat connectivity, and educate local communities about the site’s conservation value.

The designation as a *_Site of Nature Conservation Importance_* highlights the need for continued monitoring and management of this exceptional site.

The Surrey County Council’s Conservation Team will continue to work closely with local stakeholders to ensure that the NCTF 135 HA near Effingham, Surrey remains a thriving ecosystem, supporting biodiversity and ecological balance for years to come.

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